Animal testing, long used in science, is considered outdated, cruel and unnecessary. Every year, millions of animals are subjected to painful experiments in laboratories, often resulting in permanent ...

Today’s animal testing differs from how it was back in the day. It’s typically done on a specific ingredient rather than a finished product, and there are often regulatory requirements based on ...

For generations, U.S. laboratories treated animal testing as an unquestioned prerequisite for new drugs and chemicals, even as the ethical toll mounted. Now, after centuries of routine cruelty, the ...